Method of and machine for sizing composition-metal members



July 30, 1929. c. CLAUS METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR SIZING COMPOSITION METAL MEMBERS Filed Nov. 11, 1926 2 4 O 3 2 0 22U9wM INVENTOR CARL 0141/5 BS ATTORNEY Patented July 30, 1929.

* UNITED STATES- I 1,722,787 PATENT OF FICE.

CARL GLAUS, O13 PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO BOUND BROOK OIL-LESS IBEARm'G COMPANY, OF BOUNDBROOK, NEW JERSEY, .A CORPORATION OF NEW J EBBEY.

METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR SIZING COMPOSITION-METAL MEMBERS.

. Application filed November 11, 1926. Serial No. 147,825.

This invention relates to a method of and devices for producing finished dimensions in annular bodies and particularly to sizing die devices for performing such functions.

In the manufacture of bearings and bushings of the general type described and claimed in my Patent No. 1,607,389, November 16, 1926, it is desirable .for the purpose of economy to dispense with as many operating steps as can be achieved without detracting from the value of the product and it is particularly desirable to eliminate the relatively slow and expensive cutting and grinding operations that ordinarily constitute the sizing and. fin- ,ishing steps in the chain of operations.

In the making of bearings and bushings of compressible metals of the composition type, I have found that the final sizing and finishing operations can be successfully carried out with sizing die devices so constructed as to act on the surface of the article and through suitable compression and drawing a'ction force the material of the work into precise fitting engagement with the forming surfaces of the dies, so that no additional operations are necessary to produce a finished product to exact size.

The principal object of this invention is to provide a method of sizing finished articles to exact size without the ordinary machining operation of the grinding or cutting type.

The foregoing and other features of my invention will now be described in connection with the accompanying drawing in which I have diagrammatically represented a device for sizing articles following the method em ployed after which I shall point out in the claims those features which I believe to be new and of my own invention.

In the accompanying drawings a sizing die device capable of performing my preferred method is shown, in which Figure 1 is a view in vertical section of a sizing die device embodying the invention and showing the parts in position to begin an operation.

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the position of the parts after an operation has been begun.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the position of the parts at the conclusion of a sizing of radial dimensioning operation.

Figure 4c is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the position of the parts at the conclusion of a lateral compressing or endwise dimen- SlOIllIlg operation.

Figure 5 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale of an annular body that has been subected to the sizing operation and indicating in broken lines the change in dimensions.

Figure 6 1s a partial sectional view showing the eJectmg operation following a sizing operation.

Referring to the drawings for a more detailed description of the device used to carry out the invention, a sizing device is shown in whlch there is included a vertical framework or standard 10 having a seat 11 for an annular outside die member 12 which may be held in place in the seat by any suitable means such as a set screw 13.

The upper end of the standard 10 may terminate in an overhanging portion 14 which forms a guideway for an inside die or mandrel 15 which is'adapted to slide vertically.

in the guide in concentric and. axial relation to the annular die 12 and be moved by external means not shown. A cylindrical shell 16 is fitted to a reduced portion 17 of the lower end of the mandrel 15 and through a pin and slot connection 18 is arranged to have sliding movement longitudinally of the reduced'portion of the mandrel. The shell 16 is held in extended position shown in Figure 1 by a spring 36. The function of this spring will be more fully explained later. In the event that the finished bushing remains on the mandrel 17 it may be removed therefrom by the shell 16 which serves as a stripper member for removing a finished bushing from the mandrel when that member is raised to its maximum elevation in which the upward movement of the shell is prevented by its engagement through the compressed spring 36 with the lower surface of the overhanging portion 14 of the framework as indicated in Figure 1.

An ejecting member for the annular die member 12 is also provided and consists of a cylindrical shell or follower 19 mounted to slide upwardly in the die member 12 from beneath to discharge a completed bushing therefrom. For this purpose the ejecting member 19 is mounted in a seat 20 which in turn rests on the upper end of a compression spring 21 within the chamber 22 formed in the framework beneath the die seat 11. The spring 21 is mounted at its lower end in enclosing relation to a tubular extension 23 formed on an abutment member 24 having removable. screw-threaded relation to the lower end of the chamber 22.

In the operation of the device described an annular member such as a bushing 25 is in position on the die member 12 as indicated sleeve or stripper member 16 with the bush-' ing acts upon the bushing to force it to enter the die member 12 until the lower face of the bushing 25 comes in contact with the upper face of the stripper member 19 when by reason of the fact that the tensionof the spring 36 acting on the shell 16 is stronger than the tension of the spring 21 acting upon the member 19 the bushing isforced into the die 12 sizing the bushing on its outside diameter. This action causes the stripper member 19 to compress the spring 21 until it comes to rest against the abutment 24. The continued downward movement of the mandrel until the mandrel has descended into the bore of the bushing to a point that will push the shoulder 26 on the mandrel into engagement with the upper end of the member 16, sizes the inside diameter and provides the predetermined thickness of the bushing. On completing its full range of downward'm'ovement the bushing is inserted in the die, siiing its outside dimension, the mandrel then passes through the entire length of the bushing'sizing its inside diameter and thence into the interior or. subjacent tubular member 19 "against which the bushing is forced by the action of the sleeve 16 which slides on the mandrel 17 The outside and inside diameter of the bushing being thus obtained the mandrel 17 and the die 12 maintains these dimensions as well as the thickness of the bushing while lateral compression is being provided by the further downward movement of the mandrel 17 and sleeve 16 acting against the bushing riding on the extractor 19 which is held against further movement by compression of the spring ,19 and by the abutment or stop 24 provided for the purpose.

It will be seen that the radial diameters of the bushing are maintained during the final compression lengthwise of the bushing and because of the fact that the bushing is of compressible material the sizing operations of all its dimensions is thus accomplished in one stroke of the press.

It willbe seen that the endwise ressure thus exerted will produce longitudinal sizing of the bushing so that endwise as well against the lower end of the bushing by the spring-pressed follower or ejecting member 19 serves to lift the bushing from its position in the bore of the annular die 12.

As the bushing continues to ascend with the mandrel following its removal from the an-.

nular die 12, the stripper member 16 engages with the head 14 and the continued withdrawal of the mandrel causes the stripping of the bushing from the mandrel as will be clear.

It will be seen that I have thus provided,

means for rapidly and efficiently accomplishing a multiplicity of sizing and finishing operations in a single operation of the described. device. The operation is effected upon a compressible annular body which has been performed in any manner and slightly oversized. The body being introduced to the machine in oversized condition, it is then quickly reduced in its respective dimension to the desired final dimensions as a finished article.

While I have referred to the use of the spring pressed ejecting member 19 for cooperating with the frictional pull of the rising mandrel to eject the pressed bushing, I contemplate also the provision of a mechanical connection between the ejecting member 19 and the reciprocating head which operates the mandrel. In this manner I obtain the positive ejection of the bushing from the mold.

I have found this machine very efiicient for sizing both externally and internally, bearing bushings made from compressed granulated materials, such as copper, tin, zinc, lead and graphite, and which are used as oil-less bearings.

Before the bushings are sized they may be impregnated with lubricating oil which provides a smoother operation of the machine in sizing and tends to avoid tearing of the material. This also has the effect of preserving the dies and making them of longer life.

It will be readily understood that the performed blank may be of such a size that the outside diameter thereof may be smaller than the annular die 12 and therefore when it is iiiserted the operation has no effect on the blank until the mandrel 15 expands the inside diameter and makes the metal flow to fill the annular die. Of course the opposite is likewise true and this reasoning may be carried on further so that it covers a case wherein the blank is of such a size that neither the outside nor inside sizing means has any or slight effect on the sizing operation but that it would remain for the final lateral sizing to bring the metal member up to final size, in which case the lateral compression is such to flow the material to fill the space between the annular die 12 and the mandrel 15.

I wish it distinctly understood that my method of sizing bushings herein described and the devices illustrated to carry out my method is in one of many forms which may be successfully used, therefore, changes or variations may be made as may be convenient or desirable Without departing from the salient features of my invention and I, there fore, intend the following claims to cover such modifications as naturally fall within the line of invention. invention.

I claim 1. The herein described method of finishing a blank composition metal bushing of preformed oversize to its final dimensions of length and inside and outside diameter which consists in subjecting the wall of the oversized blank to radial compression and compacting the same and enlarging its inside diameter to final size by such compression while its exterior is held against expansion and compressing the blank endwise to compact the material and form it to its final size in length while the interior and exterior diameters are held permanent as to size.

2. The herein described method of finishing a composition metal bushing of preformed oversize to its final dimensions of length, diameter and thickness which consists in sizing the outside diameter of the bushing, radially compacting the mass by enlarging the inside diameter to final size by such compression while its exterior is held against expansion, axially compressing the blank to compact the bushing endwise to its final size in length while the exterior and interior are held against any change as to size.

3. The herein described method of finishing a porous metal bushing of preformed oversize to its linal dimensions of length, diameter and thickness which consists in impregnating the bushing with lubricating oil, subjecting the mass toradial compression and compacting the same and then compressing the bushing laterally to compact the same longitudinally without changing the radial dimension.

4. The herein described method of finishing a porous metal bushing of preformed oversize to its linal din'lcnsions of length, diameter and thickness which consists, in impregnating with a lubricant, sizing the outside diameter of the bushing, radially compacting the mass by enlarging the inside diameter to final size by such compression while its exterior is held against expansion, axially compressing the blank to compact the bushing endwise to its final size in length while the exterior and interior are held against any change in form.

5. In a device for sizing annular composition metal members to their final dimensions, a fixed hollow die into which the annular blank may be forced to substantially compact and reduce the outside diameter thereof and a spring actuated supplemental tubular die reciprocating within the fixed hollow die for engaging the inner end of inserted blank member, a reciprocating sizing mandrel movable into the outer end of the said fixed hollow die and adapted to pass through the length of the inserted blanlemember, means for moving the mandrel into and through the inserted blank member and part way into said supplemental tubular die, thereby increasing the inside diameter of the blank member, a reciprocating die surrounding said mandrel and acting upon the outer end of the blank member to press it against the supplemental die and compress the blank endwise to size, the spring actuating means of said supplemental die causing it to follow the engaged blank member and mandrel outwardly upon the removal of the mandrel and while it remains within the blank member and supplemental die.

6. In a device for sizing annular composition metal members to their final dimensions, a fixed hollow die into which the annular blank may be forced to substantially compact and reduce the outside diameter thereof and a supplemental tubular die reciprocating within the fixed hollow die for engaging the inner end of inserted blank member, a recip rocating sizing mandrel movable into the outer end of the said fixed hollow die and adapted to pass through the length of the inserted blank-member, means for moving the mandrel into and through the inserted blank member and part way into said supplemental tubular die, thereby increasing the inside diameter of the blank member, a reciprocating die surrounding said mandrel and acting upon the outer end of the blank member to press it against the supplemental die and compress the blank endwise to size, the reciprocating means of said supplemental die causing the die to follow the engaged blank member and mandrel outwardly upon the removal of the mandrel and while it remains \yithin the blank member and supplemental 10.

In witness whereof I allix my signature.

CARL CLAUS. 

